9. Describe the two divergent philosophies concerning operating system kernel design.
There are two divergent philosophies concerning operating system kernel design: the monolithic kernel and the microkernel. These philosophies represent different approaches to structuring the core component of an operating system. Here's a description of each:
Key characteristics of a monolithic kernel include:
Examples of operating systems that follow the monolithic kernel philosophy include Linux, Unix, and earlier versions of Windows.
Key characteristics of a microkernel include:
Examples of operating systems that follow the microkernel philosophy include Minix, QNX, and early versions of macOS (Mac OS X) before it transitioned to a hybrid model.