What is it about the transistor that made it such a great improvement over the vacuum tube?
The transistor was many times smaller than the vacuum tube meaning that many more of them could be wired into series so that a computer with twice the computing power could be for to eight times smaller than a computer using vacuum tubes. It also made it possible for handheld radios and personal computers. Tv's became half the size as well. With the invention of the integrated transistor in a circuit board, the computing power to size took another huge leap.