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#
Authors:
Walter Savitch ,kenrick Mock
Chapter:
Linked Data Structures
Exercise:
Programming Projects
Question:4 | ISBN:9780132830317 | Edition: 5

Question

Give the definition of a generic class that uses a doubly linked list of data items. Include a copy constructor, an equals method, a clone method, a toString method, a method to produce an iterator, and any other methods that would normally be expected. Write a suitable test program.


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Answer

Program:

// DoublyLinkedList.java
public class DoublyLinkedList<T> implements Cloneable
{
	private class DoublyNode<T>
	{
		private T item;
		private DoublyNode<T> previous;
		private DoublyNode<T> next;

		public DoublyNode()
		{
			item = null;
			previous = null;
			next = null;			
		}

		public DoublyNode(T newItem, DoublyNode<T> newPrevious, DoublyNode<T> newNext)
		{
			item = newItem;
			previous = newPrevious;
			next = newNext;			
		}
	}

	private DoublyNode<T> head;

	public DoublyLinkedList()
	{
		head = null;
	}
	
	public DoublyLinkedList(DoublyLinkedList<T> newList)
	{
		DoublyLinkedList<T> copy = new DoublyLinkedList<T>();

		if(newList.head == null)
		{
			this.head = null;
		}
		else
		{
			copy.head = new DoublyNode<T>(newList.head.item, null, newList.head.next);
			DoublyNode<T> currNode = copy.head.next;
			DoublyNode<T> prevNode = copy.head;

			while(currNode != null)
			{
				DoublyNode<T> newNode = 
					new DoublyNode<T>(currNode.item, prevNode, currNode.next);
				prevNode.next = newNode;
				prevNode = newNode;
				currNode = currNode.next;
			}

			this.head = copy.head;
		}
	}

	public void addFirst(T newItem)
	{		
		DoublyNode<T> newNode = new DoublyNode<T>(newItem, null, head);

		if(head != null)
		{
			head.previous = newNode;
		}

		head = newNode;		
	}
	
	public void addLast(T newItem)
	{
		if(head == null)
		{
			head = new DoublyNode<T>(newItem, null, null);
		}
		else
		{
			DoublyNode<T> current = head;
			while(current.next != null)
			{
				current = current.next;
			}
			
			current.next = new DoublyNode<T>(newItem, current, null);
		}		
	}
	
	public T removeFirst()
	{
		if(head == null)
			return null;
		
		T firstItem = head.item;
		head = head.next;		
		if(head != null)
			head.previous = null;
		return firstItem;
	}
	
	public T removeLast()
	{
		if(head == null)
			return null;
		
		DoublyNode<T> current = head;
		DoublyNode<T> prev = null;
		while(current != null && current.next != null)
		{
			prev = current;
			current = current.next;
		}
		
		T lastItem = null;
		
		if(prev == null)
		{
			lastItem = head.item;
			head = head.next;
			
			if(head != null)
				head.previous = null;
		}
		else
		{
			lastItem = current.item;
			prev.next = null;
		}
		
		return lastItem;
	}
	
	public T remove(T item)
	{
		if(item == null || head == null)
			return null;
		
		DoublyNode<T> current = head;
		DoublyNode<T> prev = null;
		while(current != null && !current.item.equals(item))
		{
			prev = current;
			current = current.next;
		}
		
		T removedItem = null;
		
		if(prev == null)
		{
			removedItem = head.item;
			head = head.next;
			
			if(head != null)
				head.previous = null;
		}
		else
		{
			removedItem = current.item;
			prev.next = current.next;
			
			if(prev.next != null)
				prev.next.previous = prev;
		}
		
		return removedItem;
	}
	
	public boolean isEmpty()
	{
		return head == null;
	}

	public void clear()
	{
		head = null;
	}

	public int size()
	{
		int count = 0;
		DoublyNode<T> current = head;
		while(current != null)
		{
			count++;
			current = current.next;
		}
		return count;
	}

	public void printForward()
	{
		DoublyNode<T> current = head;
		while(current != null)
		{
			System.out.print(current.item + " ");
			current = current.next;
		}
	}

	public void printBackward()
	{
		DoublyNode<T> current = head;
		
		while(current != null && current.next != null)
		{
			current = current.next;
		}
		
		while(current != null)
		{
			System.out.print(current.item + " ");
			current = current.previous;
		}
	}

	public String toString()
	{
		String result = "";

		DoublyNode<T> current = head;

		while(current != null)
		{
			result = result + current.item + "\n";
			current = current.next;
		}

		return result;
	}
	
	public boolean equals(Object obj)
	{
		if(obj == null)
		{
			return false;
		}
		else if(getClass() != obj.getClass())
		{
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			DoublyLinkedList<T> otherList = (DoublyLinkedList<T>)obj;
			
			if(size() != otherList.size())
			{
				return false;
			}
			
			DoublyNode<T> current = head;
			DoublyNode<T> otherCurrent = otherList.head;
			while(current != null)
			{
				if(!(current.item.equals(otherCurrent.item)))
				{
					return false;
				}
				
				current = current.next;
				otherCurrent = otherCurrent.next;
			}
			
			return true;
		}
	}
	
	public DoublyLinkedList<T> clone()
    {
        try
        {      		
    		DoublyLinkedList<T> copy = (DoublyLinkedList<T>)super.clone();

    		if(this.head == null)
    		{
    			copy.head = null;
    		}
    		else
    		{
    			copy.head = new DoublyNode<T>(this.head.item, null, this.head.next);
    			DoublyNode<T> currNode = copy.head.next;
    			DoublyNode<T> prevNode = copy.head;

    			while(currNode != null)
    			{
    				DoublyNode<T> newNode = 
					new DoublyNode<T>(currNode.item, prevNode, currNode.next);
    				prevNode.next = newNode;
    				prevNode = newNode;
    				currNode = currNode.next;
    			}
    		}    		
    		
            return copy;
        }
        catch(CloneNotSupportedException e)
        {
            return null;
        }
    }
			
	public DoublyLinkedListIterator iterator()
	{
		return new DoublyLinkedListIterator();
	}
	
	public class DoublyLinkedListIterator
	{
		private DoublyNode<T> current = null;

		public DoublyLinkedListIterator()
		{
			current = head;
		}

		public void restart()
		{
			current = head;
		}

		public T next()
		{
			if(!hasNext())
			{
				throw new IllegalStateException();
			}
			
			T itemToBeReturn = current.item;
			current = current.next;			
			
			return itemToBeReturn;
		}
		

		public boolean hasNext()
		{
			return (current != null);
		}
		

		public T peek()
		{
			if(!hasNext())
			{
				throw new IllegalStateException();
			}
			
			return current.item;
		}

		public void insertHere(T newItem)
		{
			if(current == null && head != null)
			{
				DoublyNode<T> tempNode = head;
				while(tempNode.next != null)
				{
					tempNode = tempNode.next;
				}
				
				tempNode.next = new DoublyNode<T>(newItem, tempNode, null);
			}
			else if(head == null || current.previous == null)
			{
				DoublyLinkedList.this.addFirst(newItem);
			}
			else
			{
				DoublyNode<T> tempNode = 
                        new DoublyNode<T>(newItem, current.previous, current);
				current.previous.next = tempNode;
				current.previous = tempNode;
			}
		}

		public void delete()
		{
			if(current == null)
			{
				throw new IllegalStateException();
			}			
			else if(current.previous == null)
			{
				head = head.next;
				current = head;
			}
			else if(current.next == null)
			{
				current.previous.next = null;
				current = null;
			}
			else
			{
				current.previous.next = current.next;
				current.next.previous = current.previous;
				current = current.next;
			}
		}
	}
}
// DoublyLinkedListDemo.java
public class DoublyLinkedListDemo
{
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		DoublyLinkedList<String> list = new DoublyLinkedList<String>();
		
		list.addLast("Chars");
		list.addLast("James");
		list.addLast("Mary");
		
		list.addFirst("Mike");
		list.addFirst("John");
		list.addFirst("Steve");		

		System.out.println("List of elements:");
		System.out.println(list);
		
		System.out.println("Element removed from the list (Last element in the list): " 
							+ list.removeLast());
		System.out.println("Element removed from the list (First element in the list): " 
							+ list.removeFirst());
		
		System.out.println("\nList of elements:");
		DoublyLinkedList.DoublyLinkedListIterator itr = list.iterator();
		while(itr.hasNext())
		{
			System.out.println(itr.next());
		}
	}
}

Output:

List of elements:
Steve
John
Mike
Chars
James
Mary

Element removed from the list (Last element in the list): Mary
Element removed from the list (First element in the list): Steve

List of elements:
John
Mike
Chars
James

 

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